ā̆, ī̆, ū̆ - the vowel can be either long or
short in scansion.
-a |
1. m. n. sg. voc. buddha (o Buddha), phala (o fruit), rāja
(o king), brahma (o Brahma) |
-aṃ |
1. m. n. f. sg. acc. buddhaṃ (the Buddha), phalaṃ (the fruit), gāthaṃ (the verse), rājaṃ (the king) |
-ato |
→ to |
-attha |
1. aor. 2pl. akattha
(you made), adattha (you gave) |
-anā, -ani |
→ -nā, ni |
-anīya (-nīya) |
grd. stem. karaṇīya (must work), gamanīya (must go) |
-amha, |
aor. 1pl. akamha, akaramha (we made), agamha, agamamha (we went), alatthamha (we got), akarā̆mhase, ahumhase (we were) |
-amhā,-amhi |
→ -mhā, -mhi |
-aya- |
1. caus. stem. kāraya- (let do), gā̆maya- (let go), bhāvaya- (let be, practice) |
-ā̆raṃ, |
→ -raṃ, |
-aro |
-ar m. f. pl. nom. voc. acc. pitaro (the/o fathers), mātaro (the/o mothers) |
-asā, -aso |
→ -sā, -so |
-asmā, |
→ -smā, |
-assa, |
→ -ssa, |
-ā |
1. m. n. sg. abl. buddhā (from the Buddha), rūpā (from the form) |
-āna |
1. m. n. f. pl. dat. gen. buddhāna (to the/of the Buddhas),
ariya-saccāna (to the/of the
noble truths) |
-ānaṃ |
1. m. n. f. pl. dat. gen. buddhānaṃ (to the/of the Buddhas), phalānaṃ (to the/of the fruits), gāthānaṃ (to the/of the verses) |
-āni |
n. pl. nom. voc. acc. phalāni (the/o fruits), rūpāni (the/o forms), akkhīni (the/o eyes), āyūni (the/o ages), tīni (the/o three) |
-āpaya- |
caus. stem. kārāpaya-, kārāpe- (let do), gamāpe- (let go), mārāpe- (let kill) |
-āya |
f. sg. instr. abl. dat. gen. loc. kaññāya (from the girl, etc.), gāthāya (by/from the verse, of the verse, in the verse) |
-āya- (-e-) |
denom. stem. piyāya- (to love), saddāya- (to call), sukhāya- (to enjoy) |
-āyaṃ |
f. sg. loc. kaññāyaṃ (at/near the girl), gāthāyaṃ (in the verse) |
-āyo |
f. pl. nom. voc. acc. kaññāyo (the/o girl), gāthāyo (the/o verse) |
-āvin |
katāvin (the one who has already done), sutāvin (the one who has already heard) |
-āsaṃ |
→ assaṃ |
-āsu, -āhi |
f. pl. loc. instr. abl. -su, -hi |
-i |
1. (-) m. n. f. sg. nom. voc. aggi (the/o fire), akkhi (the/o eye), jāti (the/o birth) |
-iṃ |
1. → -ṃ |
-iṃsu |
aor. 3pl. kariṃsu (they made), āsiṃsu (they were), gaṇhiṃsu (they kept) |
-ito |
→ -to |
-ittha |
1. aor. 2pl. āsittha
(you were), gaṇhittha (you
kept), pasārayittha (you
stretched out) |
-ittho |
aor. 2sg. med. pucchittho (you asked), amaññittho (you thought) |
-in |
suf. hatthin (having a hand(?), elephant), vādin (leading a discussion, representative of a school) |
-ima, -imhā̆ |
aor. 1pl. labhima, labhimhā (we got), āsimha (we were), upasaṅkamimha (we approached), sakkimha (we managed (?)) |
-imhā, -imhi |
→ -mhā, -mhi |
-ī̆ya- |
1. pass. stem. karī̆ya-, kariyya-
(be made), pucchī̆ya (be
asked), posiya (be nourished),
māriya (be killed) |
-iyaṃ, -iyā |
→ -yaṃ, - yā |
-isaṃ |
aor. 1sg. icchisaṃ (I desired), agacchisaṃ (I went), dakkhisaṃ (I saw) |
-isuṃ |
aor. 3pl. acā̆risuṃ (they made), abhuñjisuṃ (they ate), pucchisuṃ (they asked) |
-ismā, |
→ -smā, |
-issa- |
fut. stem. karissa- (will do), gamissa- (will go), labhissa- (will get) |
-issaṃ |
1. aor. 1sg. agamissaṃ (I went), apucchissaṃ
(I asked), sakkhissaṃ (I
managed (?)) |
-ī |
1. f. sg. nom. nadī (the river), devī (the goddess) |
-īnaṃ |
→ -ānaṃ |
-īya- |
1. pass. stem. gaṇhīya- (be taken), cīya- (be loaded), pīya- (be drunk) |
-īsu, -īhi |
→ -su, -hi |
-u |
1. m. n. f. sg. nom. voc. bhikkhu (the/o monk), cakkhu (the/o eye), dhenu (the/o cow) |
-uṃ |
1. m. n. f. sg. acc. bhikkhuṃ (the monk), cakkhuṃ (the eye), dhenuṃ (the cow) |
-unā, |
→ -nā, |
-uyaṃ, |
→ -yaṃ, |
-usaṃ, |
→ -saṃ, |
-ū |
1. m. n. f. sg. nom. abhibhū (the conqueror), pāragū (he who reached the other shore) |
-ūnaṃ, -ūni |
→ -ānaṃ, -āni |
-ūbhi, -ūhi |
→ -bhi, -hi 1. |
-e |
1. m. n. sg. loc. buddhe (at/near the Buddha), phale (in the fruit), raññe (at/near the king) |
-e- (-aya-) |
1. caus. stem. kāre- (let do), gāhe,
gaṇhe- (let take) |
-etha |
opt. 3sg. med. kubbetha (he wants to do), rakkhetha (he wants to protect) |
-etho |
opt. 2sg. med. kubbetho (you want to do) cf. āgaccheyyātho (?) |
-ena |
m. n. sg. instr. buddhena (by the Buddha), phalena (by the fruit), kena (by what) |
-ema, -emu |
opt. 1pl. dakkhema (we want to see), jānemu (we would know, we want to know), suṇemu (we would hear, we want to hear) |
-eyya |
1. grd. stem. labheyya, laddheyya
(must get), bhaveyya (must be) |
-eyyaṃ |
opt. 1sg. kareyyaṃ (I want to do), dadeyyaṃ (I want to give) |
-eyyāma |
opt. 1pl. kareyyāma (we want to do) |
-eyyāsi |
opt. 2sg. kareyyāsi (you want to do), āhareyyāsi (you want to get) |
-eraṃ |
opt. 3pl. med. kubberaṃ (they want to do), gaccheraṃ (they want to go) |
-esaṃ |
pron. m. n. pl. dat. gen. tesaṃ (them, their), sabbesaṃ (to all, of all) |
-esānaṃ |
pron. m. n. pl. dat. gen. tesānaṃ (them, their), sabbesānaṃ (all, of all) |
-esu (m.
n.), |
→ -su, |
-o |
1. m. sg. nom. buddho (the Buddha), dhammo (dharma), so
(he), sabbo (all) |
-ṃ (-aṃ, |
1. m. n. f. sg. acc. buddhaṃ (the Buddha), akkhiṃ (the eye), nadiṃ (the river), bhikkhuṃ (the monk) |
-cca |
=-tya |
-ta |
pp. stem. kata (made), gata (gone) |
-taṃ |
1. m. n. pl. dat. gen. arahataṃ (the Arhats, of the Arhats),
guṇavataṃ (the/of the
virtuous), gacchataṃ (him/of
him who is going) |
-tabba |
grd. stem. kattabba, kātabba (must work), gantabba, gamitabba (must go) |
-tave |
infin. kātave (must do), gantave (must go) |
-tā (-ā) |
m. n. sg. instr. abl. bhagavatā (by/from the Sublime), arahatā (by/from the Arhat), gacchatā (by/from him who is going) |
-tāya |
grd. stem. lajjitāya (must be ashamed), daṭṭhāya (must be seen) |
-ti |
1. (-i) m.
n. sg. loc. bhagavati
(at/near the Sublime), arahati
(at/near the Arhat), guṇavati
(at/near the virtuous) |
-tu |
1. imper. 3sg. karotu (he should do), gacchatu (he should go) |
-tuṃ |
infin. kātuṃ, kattuṃ (do), bhavituṃ, hotuṃ (be) |
-tuye |
infin. kātuye (do), hetuye (be), marituye (die) |
-tūna |
ger. kātūna, kattūna (making), gantūna (going) |
-te |
1. pres. 3sg. med. kurute, kubbate
(he does), labhate (he gets) |
-to |
1. (-ato) m.
n. f. sg. abl. buddhato
(from the Buddha), phalato (of
the fruit), kaññato (from the
girl) |
-tthaṃ |
aor. 1sg. alabhitthaṃ (I got), asayitthaṃ (I lay) |
-tya (-cca) |
ger. kacca (making), paṭicca (on account of, because of, concerning), vivicca (separating oneself from, aloof from) |
-tvā, -tvāna |
ger. katvā, katvāna (making), gantvā, gamitvā, gantvāna (going) |
-tha |
1. pres. 2pl. karotha (it does), gacchatha (you go) |
-na |
pp. stem. dinna (given), khīṇa (consumed), hīna (discarded, inferior) |
-nā |
m. n. sg. instr. abl. agginā (through the fire, from the fire), bhikkhunā (by the monk), brahmanā, brahmunā (of the Brahma), kammanā, kammunā (by karma), satthunā (by the teacher, from the teacher) |
-ni |
1. → -āni |
-nīya |
→ -anīya |
-no |
1. m. n. sg. dat. gen. aggino (to the/of the fire), bhikkhuno (to the/of the monk), attano (to the/of the self), brahmano, brahmuno
(to the/of Brahma), kammuno
(to the/of karma), satthuno
(to the/of the teacher) |
-nta |
ppr. stem. karonta (making), gacchanta (going) |
-ntaṃ |
imper. 3pl. med. kubbantaṃ (they should do), labhantaṃ (they should get) |
-ntā |
m. pl. nom. voc. arahantā (the/o Arhats), guṇavantā (the virtuous, o virtuous), gacchantā (the continuous, o continuous) |
-ntāni |
n. pl. nom. voc. acc. guṇavantāni (the/o virtues) |
-nti |
1. pres. 3pl. karonti (they do), gacchanti (they go) |
-ntu |
imper. 3pl. karontu (they should do), gacchantu (they should go) |
-nte |
1. m. pl. acc. arahante (the Arhats), guṇavante (the virtuous) |
-nto |
m. pl. nom. voc. acc. arahanto (the/o Arhats), guṇavanto (the virtuous, O virtuous) |
-pe- (-paya-) |
caus. stem. kārāpe-, kārāpaya- (let do), gamāpe-, -paya- (let go) |
-bhi |
m. n. f. pl. instr. abl. buddhebhi (by the Buddha, from the Buddha), gāthābhi (through the verses, of the verses) |
-ma |
1. pres. 1pl. karoma (we do), gacchāma (we go) |
-maṃ |
→ -ṃ 1 |
-mat,-mant |
suf. pāpimant (sinful, a sinner; esp. used as epithet of Māra, i. e. the Evil, the wicked one), satimant (mindful, the mindful) |
-mataṃ, |
→ taṃ 1, |
-mantaṃ, |
→ -ṃ 1, |
-mase |
1. pres. 1pl. med. labhāmase (we get), asmase (we are) |
-mā |
→ -ā 5 |
-māna |
ppr. stem. kurumāna (making), gacchamāna (going), labbhamāna (getting) |
-mi |
1. pres. 1sg. karomi (I do), gacchāmi (I go) |
-mhā |
m. n. sg. abl. buddhamhā (of the Buddha), phalamhā (of the fruit), tamhā (by him, of which) |
-mhi (-amhi) |
m. n. sg. loc. buddhamhi (at/near the Buddha), phalamhi (in the fruit), tamhi (at/near him, thereby) |
-mhe |
1. pres. 1pl. med. kurumhe, kubbā̆mhe
(we do), labhā̆mhe (we get) |
-ya |
1. ger. kariya,
kiriya (practicing
asceticism), jāniya (knowing),
nisīdiya (sitting) |
-ya- |
1. pass. stem. ñāya- (be known), nīya- (be performed), ḍayha-, ḍahya- (be incinerated) |
-yaṃ |
1. f. sg. loc. gāthāyaṃ (in the verse), jātiyaṃ (at birth), dhenuyaṃ (at/near the cow), mātuyaṃ (at/near the mother) |
-yā |
1. f. sg. instr. abl. dat. gen. loc.
jātiyā (by/at birth), dhenuyā (by the cow, at/near the cow),
nadiyā (by/at the river), mātuyā (by the mother, at/near the
mother) |
-ye |
opt. 3sg. kubbaye (he wants to do), ānaye (he wants to lead) |
-raṃ |
-ar m. f. sg. acc. satthā̆raṃ (the teacher), pitaraṃ (the father), mātaraṃ (the mother) |
-rā |
-ar m. f. sg. instr. abl. satthā̆rā (by the teacher, from the teacher), pitarā (by/from the father), mātarā (by/from the mother) |
-ruṃ |
aor. 3pl. med. amaññaruṃ (they thought) |
-re |
1. pres. 3pl. med. labhare (they get) |
-va, vaṃ |
→ -a, -aṃ |
-vat,-vant |
1. suf. bhagavat
(the Sublime), guṇavat (the
virtuous, virtuous) |
-vataṃ, |
→ -taṃ 1, |
-vhe |
1. pres. 2pl. med. kubbā̆vhe (you do), labhavhe (you get) |
-vho |
imper. 2pl. med. kuruvho (do!), labhavho (get!) |
-saṃ |
n. pl. dat. gen. āyusaṃ (to the/of the ages) |
-sā |
-as, -us n. sg. instr. abl. manasā (with the spirit, from the spirit), vacasā (by the word, from the word), āyusā (by the age, from the age) |
-sānaṃ |
pron. pl. dat. gen. tesānaṃ (them, their), tāsānaṃ (them, their), sabbesānaṃ, sabbāsānaṃ (to all, of all) |
-si |
1. pres. 2 sg. karosi (you do), kubbasi (you do), labhasi (you get) |
-siṃ |
aor. 1sg. akāsiṃ (I made), cintesiṃ (I thought) |
-sittha |
aor. 2pl. akāsittha (you made), ahosittha (you were) |
-simha |
aor. 1pl. aggahesimha (we kept), adāsimha (we gave) |
-su |
m. n. f. pl. loc. buddhesu (at/near the Buddhas), phalesu (in the fruits), gāthāsu (in the verses), nadīsu (in the rivers), bhikkhū̆su (at/near the monks), tesu (at/near them), tāsu (at/near them) |
-suṃ |
aor. 3pl. akāsuṃ (he made), ahesuṃ (he was), pucchisuṃ (he asked) |
-se |
1. pres. 2sg. med. kuruse (you do), kubbase (you do), labhase (you get) |
-so |
-as, -us n. sg. dat. gen. manaso (to the spirit, of the spirit), vacaso (to the word, of the word), āyuso (to the age, of the age) |
-smā (-asmā) |
m. n. sg. abl. buddhasmā (by the Buddha), phalasmā (by the fruit), tasmā (by him, thereby, therefore) |
-smiṃ |
m. n. sg. loc. buddhasmiṃ (at/near the Buddha), phalasmiṃ (in the fruit), tasmiṃ (at/near him, thereby) |
-ssa |
1. (-assa) m.
n. sg. dat. gen. buddhassa
(to the Buddha, of the Buddha), phalassa
(to the fruit, of the fruit), tassa
(to him, his) |
-ssa- |
fut. stem. karissa- (will do), gamissa- (will go) |
-ssaṃ |
1. pron. f. sg. loc. tassaṃ, tissaṃ
(at/near her), kassaṃ (at/near
which women), sabbassaṃ
(at/near all women) |
-ssaṃsu |
cond. 3pl. abhavissaṃsu (if they were) |
-ssatha |
1. fut. 2pl. karissatha (you will do), bhavissatha, hessatha
(you will be) |
-ssati, |
→ -ti, |
-ssā |
pron. f. sg. dat. gen. tassā (she, her), sabbassā (all, of all) |
-ssāma |
1. fut. 1pl. karissāma (we will do), bhavissāma, hessāma
(we will be) |
-ssāmi |
→ -mi |
-ssu |
imper. 2sg. med. kurussu (do!), karassu (do!), labhassu (get!) |
-ha-, -hi- |
fut. stem. kāha- (will do), hāha- (will laugh), hehi-, hohi- (will be), hāhi- (will bear) (<har, hṛ) |
-hi |
1. (-ehi, -āhi, -īhi,
-ūhi) m. n. f. pl. instr.
abl. buddhehi (by/from
the Buddhas), phalehi (by/from
the fruits), gāthāhi (by/from
the verses), nadīhi (by/from
the rivers), bhikkhū̆hi
(by/from the monks), tehi, tāhi (by/from them) |